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The Cemetery of the Defenders of Lwów ((ポーランド語:Cmentarz Obrońców Lwowa, Cmentarz Orląt), ''Cemetery of Eaglets'', ''Orlat Cemetery'') is a memorial and a burial place for the Poles and their allies who died in Lviv ((ポーランド語:Lwów)) during the hostilities of the Polish-Ukrainian War and Polish-Soviet War between 1918 and 1920. The complex is a part of the city's historic Lychakiv Cemetery. There are about 3000 graves in that part of the cemetery; some from the Lwów Eaglets young militia volunteers, after whom that part of the cemetery is named. It was one of the most famous necropolises of the interwar Poland. It was neglected after World War II by the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, and at one time damaged with a bulldozer. Since the fall of communism, the cemetery has seen constant rebuilding and refurbishment and continues to be one of the principal tourist attractions of Lviv. ==In the Second Polish Republic== In 1918–1919, Poles and Ukrainians fought over the territory of Eastern Galicia that included Lviv; with Poland defeating the Western Ukrainian People's Republic.〔 A year later, another war, between Poland and the Russian SFSR, was fought around the city.〔 In the aftermath, the city ended up being part of interwar Poland, and the Polish authorities decided to construct a memorial to the Poles and their allies who died in the 1918–1920 hostilities in that region.〔 The necropolis complex was designed by Rudolf Indruch, an architecture student from the Lviv Polytechnic whose project won the competition.〔 The most visible element was a domed chapel which towers over the tombs underneath.〔 Exhumed remains of the 72 fighters were put in catacombs located between the chapel and the tombs.〔 In addition to Polish fighters, this part of the cemetery also has graves and monuments to American (pilots from the Kościuszko Squadron) and French volunteers who fought on the Polish side, two monuments were dedicated to those Polish foreign allies.〔 Underneath, an inscription "Mortui sunt ut liberi vivamus" ("They died so we could live free") was engraved on a semi-circular colonnade monument.〔 A triumphal arch was flanked by two stone lions.〔 The necropolis was never finished; its construction continued until the outbreak of the Second World War.〔 Out of almost 3,000 tombs, 300 were dedicated to the Eaglets, as the young Polish defenders of the city from 1918 are known.〔 In 1925 the ashes of one of the unknown defenders of Lwów were transferred to the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Warsaw.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cemetery of the Defenders of Lwów」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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